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Logo Revista Latinoamericana de Investigación en Matemática Educativa

Artículos

Vol. 10 N.º 3 (2007): Noviembre

NIVEL DE ABSTRACCIÓN DE LOS PROBLEMAS ARITMÉTICOS EN ALUMNOS URBANOS Y RURALES

Enviado
julho 10, 2024
Publicado
2007-08-13

Resumo

Neste estudo se analisa a incidência que tem o grau de abstração na resolução de problemas de adição e subtração em alunos urbanos e rurais. A mostra foi coletada de 192 alunos de primeiro ao quarto ano do ensino fundamental; 50 % pertence a um contexto rural e 50 % restante a um contexto urbano do México. As tarefas empíricas consistiram em resolver problemas aritméticos com objetos, desenhos, algoritmos y verbais. Os resultados mostram que a presencia de objetos ou desenhos melhoram o rendimento dos alunos de primeiro e segundo ano, e baixa nos de terceiro. Igualmente, convém destacar que os alunos rurais obtém seus melhores resultados nos problemas verbais. As estratégias de modelagem se empregam de modo parecido em todos os cursos do contexto rural, enquanto que no urbano se ocupam especialmente em primeiro e segundo. Os alunos rurais utilizam mais as estratégias de cálculo, e nos urbanos são mais comuns as estratégias de fatos numéricos. Finalmente, se registram algumas aplicações educativas a partir dos resultados deste estudo.

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