This article reflects on the importance that the hypothesis-conjecture dialectic may have not only for the development of demonstrative reasoning, but also for the development of stochastic thinking in students. Reasons of a curricular type are argued for this, of a teaching approach based on problem solving, of a way of solving problems that considers simulation as a resolution method with heuristic content and, finally, in new proposals on mathematics. that the citizen of the 21st century will require and that includes data analysis in contexts of uncertainty. Consequently, a proposal for initial teacher training is presented that allows them to address such challenges.
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